Cumilla

Cumilla is one of the largest and most populous districts in eastern Bangladesh, known for agriculture, education, military significance, and deep archaeological heritage. It covers 3,146.30 km² and had a population of 6,212,216 in the 2022 census. Cumilla city is the district headquarters and a major regional center.

Historically part of ancient Samatata and later Tippera, Cumilla has one of Bangladesh's richest archaeological landscapes, including Mainamati and Shalban Vihara. It evolved through Buddhist, Sultanate, Mughal, colonial, and modern phases.

Location: Eastern Bangladesh between river plains and Tripura-facing frontier lands. The district includes fertile agricultural land, low ridges, and the Gumti river system.

District established: colonial-era district tradition, modern structure continuing into present

Headquarters: Cumilla

Subdivisions: 17 upazilas

Current upazilas in this database are linked separately through the upazilas table.

Population (2022): 6,212,216. Literacy rate (7+) was 76.68%, and Muslims formed the majority with a Hindu minority. Cumilla is one of the most densely populated districts in Bangladesh.

Cumilla is a major eastern Bangladesh education center with Cumilla University, Victoria Government College, medical education, cadet institutions, and a strong district school-college network.

Economy and culture: agriculture, trade, military cantonment-linked services, education, and archaeological tourism define Cumilla. Mainamati remains central to its cultural identity.